What are abnormal colorations of the skin that accompany many skin disorders called?

Abnormal colorations of the skin that accompany many skin disorders are referred to as dyschromias. Dyschromias involve any alterations in the normal pigmentation of the skin, which can manifest as discolorations, such as hyperpigmentation (darkening) or hypopigmentation (lightening). This term encompasses a range of conditions and can be caused by various factors, including sun exposure, hormonal changes, and certain medical conditions.

The other choices do not fit the definition of abnormal colorations of the skin. For instance, fissures are cracks or splits in the skin, while cysts refer to sac-like structures that can contain fluid or semi-solid material. Crusts are dried exudate from a sore or wound. Therefore, dyschromias specifically addresses the changes in color that can indicate underlying skin disorders.