What is the primary factor in developing melanoma?

The primary factor in developing melanoma is ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure. This type of skin cancer is strongly linked to the skin's exposure to UV rays from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. When skin cells are exposed to UV radiation, it can cause changes in the DNA of those cells, leading to uncontrolled growth, which is characteristic of cancer.

While genetic factors, age, and skin type also play roles in the development of melanoma, they do not have as direct a correlation as UV exposure. For instance, individuals with a family history of melanoma or certain genetic mutations may have a higher risk, but the most significant and modifiable risk factor remains UV exposure. Additionally, certain skin types that are more susceptible to damage from UV rays can increase risk, but again, the direct trigger for the cancer's onset is primarily linked to UV radiation. Therefore, understanding and minimizing exposure to UV rays is crucial in melanoma prevention efforts.