What is the term for abnormal skin colorations associated with various disorders?

Dyschromias refer to abnormal skin colorations that can arise from various skin disorders. These color changes can manifest as hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation, reflecting an imbalance in melanin production. Conditions such as melasma, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, and vitiligo are examples of dyschromias.

The other terms do not describe this phenomenon. Fissures refer to cracks or splits in the skin, which do not specifically relate to color changes. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can damage cells but do not directly pertain to skin color. A cyst is a closed sac-like structure that may contain fluid, air, or other material, and while it can occur in the skin, it does not refer to changes in pigmentation. Therefore, dyschromias specifically align with the concept of changes in skin coloration associated with skin disorders.